Genus Cyriopalus Pascoe

Cyriopalus Pascoe, 1866, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., : 530 (type-species : C. wallacei Pasc.,1866) loc. cit. ; 1869, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., ser 3, 3: 513.

Diagnostic characters : distinctive sulcus between clypeus and frons follow by a median groove until neck; antennifer raised; antennae 12-segmented, flabellate (except female of C. pascoei which is serrate), external process longer than segment proper; prothorax narrower than elytra, wrinkled; elytra truncate (except female of C. pascoei), bidentate; first abdominal segment as long as next two united; femora compressed laterally; fore coxae transverse, its cavity angulate.

Key to species of Cyriopalus in Sarawak

1.   Body entirely pitcy, relatively bare; antennae flabellate in both sexes; external process more than 3 X as long as the segment proper; intercoxal process of prosternum dilated posteriorly, touching the epimera; apex of mid and hind femora notched; first hind tarsal segment longer than the next two united  - wallacei PASCOE, 1866
Body castaneous or chestnut brown, densely pubescent; antennae serrate in female, flabellate in male, external process at the most 2 X as long as segment proper; fore intercoxal process not dilated, not touching epimera; apex of mid and hind femora not notch; first hind tarsal segment shorter then the next two united - pascoei THOMSON, 1878

Note : both sexes are very difficult to differentiate.

Cyriopalus wallacei PASCOE

Body entirely pitchy, pubescence tawny; frons, anterior portion of neck pubescent; dorsal surface of antennae with minute tawny pubescence; segment 3 - 12 verriculate ventrally; interspaces of corrugation on thorax very pubescent in , sparsely in ; elytra and sternum thickly clothed with auratus pubescence.

Head with a obscure glabrous median carina between antennal insertion and a weak groove between upper eye lobe; mandible abrubtly bent at apex, molar pointed; clypeus bare, coarsely punctate at side, posterior margin with two fissure beneath antennifer; frons subvertical; neck granulated. Antenna as long as body in , tip of last segment reaching apex, much shorter in ; scape widen at apex, punctulate; segment 3 as long as scape, 4 -11 subequal; 3 - 11 strongly flabellate, external process 2 X to 7 X longer than segment proper, successively lengthened; last segment as long as external process of segment 10. Prothorax quadrate; apex with one transverse groove, two transverse grooves near base; side with undulating margin; disc rugose, more subtransverse intricate carinae in ; anterior of disc with a median hump in absent in . Elytron 5 X as long as broad in , 4 X in ; parallel, rounded only at tip; truncated, with a long suteral and macronate at angle. Legs compressed laterally, finely punctate; fore coxae cavity completely closed behind; mid and hind femora strongly notched subapically.

Measurement: Length 33.7 - 40.5 mm (); 41.6 - 49.1 mm ()
Breadth 8.6 - 10.7 mm (); 11.9 - 14.5 mm ()

Distribution: Myanmar; Laos; Peninsular Malaysia; Sarawak

Known habitat : primary on higher elevation, secondary on lower slope; secondary logged over mixed dipterocarp forest, near bamboo cluster and facing cultivated hill slope.

Host: Pentacme suavis (Myanmar)

Note : both sexes can be distinguised by the following characters :-
(a) Female has a wider body; shorter elytra, 2.5 X as long as wide. Male has narrower body, 3 X as long as wide.
(b) Last abdominal segment of female usually visible from dorsal; barely visible or not exposed in male.
(c) Pronotum of female more closely corrugated with a distinctive median hump in the anterior; male less corrugated, no distinctive median hump.
(d) Lateral margin of last abdominal segment oblique in female, trapezoid; hemispheric in male, lateral margin gradually curved, posterior margin usually sinuate.

Material examined: 11 [038] Bahau Forest Reserve, Kapit Div., 30.XI.1994, Wahap Marni (UNIMAS Coll.); [164], [166] & [167] Rinki Camp, Sungai Seping, Kapit Div., 19.II.1995, C. K. Lim (UNIMAS Coll.); [185] Rinki Camp, Sungai Seping, Kapit Div., 20.II.1995, C. K. Lim (UNIMAS Coll.); [190], [233], [234], [235] & [236] Rinki Camp, Sungai Seping, Kapit Div., 21.II.1995, C. K. Lim (UNIMAS Coll.); [B1] UPM campus, Bintulu Div., date and collector unknown. (UNIMAS Coll.); 6 [136] & [137] Unimas campus, Samarahan Div., 26.I.1995, 1st yr student. (UNIMAS Coll.); [249] Rinki Camp, Sungai Seping, Kapit Div., 21.II.1995, C. K. Lim (UNIMAS Coll.); [380] Sampling log pond, Tubau, Bintulu Div., 26.II.1995, C. L. Voon (UNIMAS Coll.); [415] Batu Bedan, Ulu Engkari, Sri Aman., 30.IV.1995, C. K. Lim (UNIMAS Coll.); [FN 79-0383] Gunung Serapi, Matang, Kuching Div., 14.VIII.1979, Mercer & Yeo (For. Dept. Coll.).

Cyriopalus pascoei THOMSON

Body castaneous with ferrugineous pubescence, being more reddish, brownish; mandible, upper frons, vertex, ocular margin and antennae densely covered with pubescence; ventral surface of antennae fringed with short bristles in , absent in ; thorax fuscous, disc with 4 longitudinal stripes of dense ferrugineous pubescence, 2 on each side of median, the outer stripes slightly oblique or sublongitudinal; 2 similar stripes on each side of prothorax; the inner lateral stripe meets the outer median stripe at base; elytra, sternum and legs also densely clothed with ferrugineous pubescence.

Head with a median groove between eye; anterior of clypeus oblique, closely punctulate, forming a transverse ridge with labrum; posterior portion of clypeus sunken, sulcus with frons well-defined; gena very short, feebly visible; frons raised and convex; vertex flat. Antenna half as long as body in both sexes; scape quadrat in ; segment 3 - 11 flabellate in , external process at most 2 X as long as antennae proper; serrate in , external process angulated, shorter than segment proper. Prothorax narrower than elytra; disc transversely corrugated, side vermicular with a lateral blunt protuberance. Scutellum tongue-shaped, entirely pubescent except a median line. Elytron 4 X as long as broad in ; 5 X in ; disc closely puntulate, very pubescent; external margin parallel in , subtruncate with conspicuous suteral spine, angular cusp less distinctive; gradually broaden toward apex in , rounded at tip, feebly emarginate near suture. Legs : fore coxa strongly angulated, its cavity not completely closed, epimeron of prothorax not touching posterior end of intercoxal process; femora linear to subelavate for 2/3 basal half, tapering at apex without notch.

Measurement: Length 36.2 - 44.0 mm (); 56.0 mm ()
Breadth 9.4 - 12.8 min (); 16.5 mm ()

Distribution: Sarawak

Known habitat: secondary peat swamp forest; secondary forest near villages

Note : the examined has a very broad elytra that gradually widen at apex, it overhangs the entire abdoment; [256] was seen together with another specimen which fit well with the description of , both were attracted to light.
male and female can be distinguised by
(a) Antennae of flabellate, external process longer than segment proper; antennae of female serrate, external process half as long as segment proper.
(b) Elytra spined a apex and at an angle in male; elytra subtruncate, not spine.

Material examined : 3 [019] Unimas campus, Samarahan Div., 2.X.1994, Isa Sait (UNIMAS Coll.); [256] Sampling log pond, Tubau, Bintulu. Div., 20.II.1995, C. L. Voon (UNIMAS Coll.); [FN 83-0189] Matang, G. Serapi, Kuching Div., 24.III.1983, Ento team (For. Dept. Coll.).; 1 [144] Siburan, Kuching Div., 23.II.1995, Besar Ketol (UNIMAS Coll.).