Genus Epania Pascoe

Epania Pascoe, 1858, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., ser 2, 4 : 237 (type species : Odontocera? singaporensis Th., 1857) loc. cit.; 1869, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., ser 3, 3 : 566. - Gressitt, 1951c, Longicornia 2 : 168. ; 1951a, Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer., 44 (1): 30. - Gressitt & Rondon, 1970, Pac. Ins. Monogr, 24 : 111.

Molorchoepania Picard, 1949, Echange 65 : 9 (type species : M. barbieri Pic., 1949) loc. cit.

Diagnostic characters : generally body size very small; head subvertical; antennae longer than body in , not extending beyond abbreviated elytra or abdomen in ; middle of prothorax swollen and favose, side rounded; fore coxal cavity closed posteriorly; abdomen oval, narrower at base and apex; apical spine on hind tibiae short.

Key to species of Epania in Sarawak

1.     Hind femora gradually clavate. ............................................................. 2
Hind femora abruptly clavate, somewhat nodose at  apex. ..................… 3

2(1) Elytra short, not reaching posterior of metasternum, apex broadly rounded; antennae entirely ferrugineous to fuscous . - paulla PASCOE, 1869
Elytra long, extended a little beyond posterior of metasternum, apex dehiscent and narrowly rounded; basal antennal segments (2 - 4) flavo-ferrugineous; 2 patches of argentate pubescence side of scutellum - sarawakensis (THOMSON, 1857)

3(1) Peduncle of hind femora with a broad testaceous ring; elytra long, sutural half tomentose, minutely and closely punctulate, disc flat . - singaporensis (THOMSON, 1857)
Entire hind femora fusco-castaneous; elytra very short, sutural half not      tomentose, sparsely punctulate, disc depressed at middle . - brevipennis PASCOE, 1869

Epania paulla PASCOE

Body generally black; head glossy piceous; labrum, mandible, labial and maxillary palpi castaneous; gula sparsely with long tawny bristles; entire antennae ferrugineous, scape glossy, remainder mat; prothorax pitchy, antero-ventral part shiny fuscous; anterior of pronotum with an annular band of white pubescence before apical smooth annular girdle, ends laterally at suture of prosternum; basal constriction of protborax also with bilaterad semicicular white patches of dense pubescence; scutellum with very dense whitish pubescence; elytra glossy ferrugino-testaceous, the outer and apical margin glossy fuscous to pitchy; undersurfaces piceous; mesosternum, anterior of metasternum, around mid coxae, hind coxae, side of 2 & 3 abdominal segments with dense whitish pubescence; femora and tibiae ferrugineous except pedunculate base of hind femora and basal tip of hind tibiae luteous; tarsus castaneous.

Head oblique, molar truncated; frons, clypeus and frons same plane, suture obsolete; the later and vertex coarsely punctate and somewhat reticulate; gula and area around lower eye lobe punctate, with sparse long bristles; eye unequally emarginate with lower lobe large and oval; antennal insertion widely separated, far from mandible. Antenna shorter than body in , not reaching posterior of metasternum; scape longest, as long as 3 + 4 united, thicken apically; 1 & 2 inpunctulate with sparse bristles; remaining clothed with minute dense pubescence; 3 - 10 feebly produced externally making posterior margin oblique; last segment acute. Prothorax 2 X as long as broad; apex wider than base; anterior with a smooth annular fascia a little after apical constriction, sparsely punctulate with long bristles; a white dimidiate transverse band of similar width behind this annular; middle of pronotum swollen, strongly reticulo-punctate, favose, punctures piliferous; base strongly constricted, with a bilaterad patch of uniformly arranged pubescence; prosternum punctate posteriorly; intercoxal process vertically acute behind coxae, flatten and very much dilated and expended until touching epimeron of Prosternum. Scutellum linguiform. Elytron abbreviated, not reaching posterior of metasternum; humeral angle produced; side parallel; broadly rounded  at apex; disc evenly punctate, pubescent. Undersurfaces : episternum of metathorax conspicuous, slightly longer than elytron; metasternum bulging; abodmen oval, narrower at base and apex. Legs : fore coxae subglobular, angulated externally; fore femora clavate, peduncle punctulate with bristles, other wise glabrous; mid femora slightly decurved, peduncle as long as clavate, clavate flatten externally at side but dilated internally; hind femora gradually clavate, apical end fusiform, punctulate and setose; tibiae with closely set bristles; first hind tarsal segment a little longer than 2 + 3 united.

Measurement : Length 6.3 mm (); breadth 1.5 mm ()

Distribution : Java; Sarawak.

Known habitat: old secondary peat swamp forest, relogging.

Host : Platymitra macrocarpa (Duffy, 1968); probably Meranti (one specimen found hovering around its branches).

Material examined : 1 [539] Sedilo Forest Reserve, Simunjan, Samarahan Div., 3.XI.1995, C. K. Lim & Wahap Marni.

Epania sarawakensis (THOMSON)

Odontocera ? sarawackensis Thomson, 1857, Archiv. Ent., 1 : 124 (loc. cit.).
Epania sarawackensis : Pascoe, 1869, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., ser 3, 3 : 568. 
Epania sarawakensis : Aurivillius, 1912, Coleopt. Cat., 39 : 264.

Mandible castaneous; head black; antennae fuscous, few basal segments fluvo-ferrugineous; prothorax black with a demidiate whitish pubescent fascia a little behind apex and another similar one near base; bristles on pronotum tawny; elytron fuscous, marginal portion slightly bright castaneous; an argentate patch of pubescence near scutellum, followed by a semicircular brownish tomentose patch in the middle of suture; undersurfaces and legs fuscous; femora especially bind pair tinge with chalybeate; hind coxae, posterior and side boarder of first abdominal segment lined with argentate pubescence.

Head short; labrum minute; clypeus and frons contigeous, flat, squarish with parallel-sided lateral margin, surface puncto-striate with most striate subparallel arranged; eye large, oval, not divided; antennifer at dorsal margin of upper eye lobe, widely separated; neck obsolete. Antenna filiform at basal half, slightly subclavate towards apex; scape longest, punctate, piliferous; 2 - 5 subequal, half as long as scape; 6 - 10 feebly complanate, widen at apex; 11 acute. Prothorax with an annular glabrous ring in front and a demidiate pubescent fascia behind it; side convex; base constricted, a little narrower then apex; pronotum dilated, coarsely punctate, punctures piliferous. Elytron 2 X as long as broad; extended beyond posterior of metasternum but not hind coxae; disc depressed inwards from humeral angle; finely granulo-punctulate at fuscous tomentose patch middle of suture; outer marginal sparsely but coarsely punctate; apex dehiscent, gradually narrow from both side and rounded. Legs : mid and hind femora strongly clavate to nodose; clavate of the latter tomentose; tibiae setaceous intermix with long bristles.

Measurement : Length 8.0 - 8.5 mm (); breadth 2.0 mm ()

Distribution : Sarawak; Bitchian; Morty

Note : description was based on very old specimen possibly with slight discoloration. Caution when dealing with fresh specimens.

Material examined : 2 Kuching, Kuching Div., 25.XII.1913 (SM Coll.); Tinrissex ?, V.1899 (SM Coll.).

Epania singaporensis (THOMSON)

Odontocera ? singaporensis Thomson, 1857, Archiv. Ent.,1 : 124 (loc. cit.)

Epania singaporensis : Pascoe, 1869, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., ser 3, 3 : 566. - Aurivillius, 1912, Coleopt. Cat., 39 : 264.

Head, prothorax black; whitish pubescence on base of prothorax interrupted and obscure; antennae fuscous, scape and basal segments 2 - 3 reddish-castaneous; scutellum white; elytra glossy black; femora fusco-castaneous; peduncle of hind femora with a broad testaceous ring near to clavate portion, base fuscous.

Head oblique; frons roughen, reticulo-punctate; antennifer obscure. Antenna reaching tip of elytra in ; 3 - 5 subequal, about 2/3 as long as scape; 6 - 10 gradually shorten, more densely clothed with minute pubescence (than previous species), each segment transverse. Prothorax narrower at abse than apex; side oblique; annular ring at apex not clavate, glabrous; behind it an whitish pubescent fascia interrupted medianly; base constricted with similar whitish pubescent along constriction, both distinctive if viewed from side; disc coarsely punctate with scattered bristles. Scutellum parallel at base, tip rounded. Elytron 2 X as long as wide; extended to posterior of hind coxae; disc with sutural half closely and minutely punctulate, tomentose; outer marginal half glossy, sparsely punctate; dehiscent behind tomentose patch; gradually narrow and rounded at apex. Legs : clavate at hind femora finely granulo-punctulate, tomentose; hind tibiae linear at basal half and bent at apex with sinuate side; 2/3 from apex subtomentose with more aggregrated bristles.

Measurement : Length 7.0 - 9.0 mm (); breadth 2.0 - 2.5 mm ()

Distribution : Sarawak; Singapore.

Material examined : 6 Mt. Merinjak (2200 ft), 28.V.1914 (SM Coll.); Kuching, Kuching Div., 18.XII.1898 (SM Coll.); Matang road, Kuching Div., 18.V. 1915 (SM Coll.); Mt. Merinjak (2200 ft), 29.V. 1914 (SM Coll.); Matang road, Kuching Div., 18.VI.1910 (SM Coll.); Kuching, Kuching Div., 18.VII. 1900 (SM Coll.).

Epania brevipennis PASCOE

Epania brevipennis Pascoe, 1869, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., ser 3, 3: 567. - Aurivillius, 1912, Coleopt. Cat., 39 : 263.

Head and prothorax black; antennae pitchy, scape and segment 2 glossy,  remaining segments clothed with minute ashey pubescence; elytra entirely pitchy; legs including entire femora, tibiae and tarsus fusco-castaneous; undersurfaces glossy fusco-castancous; posterior margin of first abdominal segment with a transverse band of white pubescence.

Head and prohtorax as above species. Antenna with apical segments slightly more produced ectoapically. Elytron short, at most reaching posterior of metasternum; 1.5 X as long as broad; disc depressed near suture; entirely punctate, denser along suture; humeral angle more produced.

Measurement : Length 7.0 - 8.0 mm (); breadth 1.5 - 2.0 mm ()

Distribution : Sarawak; Singapore.

Note : extremely resemble E. singaporensis in structures except the coloration of hind femora and the elytron in being shorter and not tomentose.

Material examined : 2 Matang road, Kuching Div., 10.VIII.1915 (SM Coll.); Mt. Merinjak (2200 ft), 28.V.1914 (SM Coll.)