Genus Euryarthrum Blanchard

Euryarthrum Blanchard, 1845, Hist. Nat. Ins., 2 : 149 (type-species : E. albocinctum Bl., 1845) loc.cit - Pascoe, 1869, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. ser 3, 3 : 578 - 579. -Aurivillius, 1912, Coloept. Cat., 39 : 292.

Blemmya Pascoe, 1856, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. ser 2, 4 : 42 (type-species : B. whitei Pasc., 1856) loc. cit. - Lacordaire, 1869, Gen. Col. 8 : 526 loc. cit.

Diagnostic characters : head produced, vertical; antennae segment 6 - 10 compressed, strongly produced externally; 3 subequal to 4+5 united, as long as scape; prothorax rounded, unarmed, apex narrower than base; elytron concave along suture and ridged submedianly or simply concave; epipleura of elytra distinctive, wide, raised, terminating into angular cusp at apex; femora carinate ventrally at outer side; fore coxal cavity almost completely to completely closed posteriorly; episternum of metathorax wide, parallel-sided.

Note : Generally, both sexes are very similar. For those species with a single elytral band, the has the 6th - 8th abdominal segment specialised into tubular ovipositor and usually protuding while the has the 6th segment hemispheric and barely visible under the 5th. For those with 2 elytral bands, the has a very dilated and rounded abdomen, first segment as long as 2 - 5 united, ovipositor not protuding while the abdomen of is very tapering, first distinctively shorter than 2 - 5 united and the 6th longer than broad.

Key to species of Euryarthrum in Sarawak

1.    Elytron with a single transverse band …………….............………………2
Elytron with 2 transverse bands ........…………….………………………4

2(1) Antennae entirely black. ....................................................................... 3
Basal half of antennae black, apical half reddish-brown. - carinatum PASCOE, 1866

3(2) Disc of elytron strongly depressed, a submedian ridge separating lateral declivity; scutellum. white; transverse band interrupted at declivity -  albocinctum BLANCHARD, 1845
Disc not strongly depressed, submedian ridge obscure though lateral declivity is distinctive; scutellum black; transverse band only on sutural half, terminating before declivity - alaconvexus sp. nov.

4(1) Antennae entirely black ......………………………………………………5
Antennae black at basal half, 4 - 5 apical segments reddish-brown. - lambii PASCOE, 1866

5(4) Transverse bands divide elytra in 3 equal portions ....……………………. 6
Transverse bands not divide elytra into 3 equal portions, first band at middle, second nearer to apex.  - inaequalis sp. nov.

6(5) Elytra truncate at apex with a sutural spine; epipleura of elytron terminating into angular cusp; fore tibiae acutely curved; antennal segment 5 not reaching base of prothorax; fore intercoxal process not tuberculate; apical spine of mid tibiae robust, long; transverse bands on elytron of equal width; metasternum with whitish pilose hairs; large beetles (~ 15 mm) - bifasciatum (PASCOE, 1856)
Elytra rounded at apex, no sutural spine or epipleural cusp; basal transverse band half as wide as the one nearer to apex; apical spine of mid tibiae small, obscure; metasternum. not pilose; abdominal segments fuscous, entirely clothed with whitish pubescence; antennal segment 4 reaching base of prothorax; fore tibiae feebly or not at all curved; fore intercoxal process not tuberculate; smaller beetles (~ 10 mm) - brevibifasciatum sp. nov.

Euryarthrum carinatum PASCOE

Body generally blackish : head, black, mat; 1 - 5 antennal segment black, 6 - 11 cinamomeous; pronotum black with dimidiate basal annular, interrupted at scutellum wholely covered with whitish-yellow pubescence; elytron dull black with a dislocated whitish-yellow median band, narrower half oblique posteriorly; underside black with whitish pubescence; posterolateral end of mesosternum, posterior of episternum of metathorax and metasternum with strip of congregated slivery white pubescence; legs black.

Head protuding; mandible prominent and strongly punctate; gena 1/2 as deep ,. as lower eye lobe; clypeus evenly punctate, with 2 off median parenthesis-liked furrows, the upper part abruptly bent and pointing at each other below anterior boarder of antennal insertion; frons with 2 high elevated ridges in between antennal insertion, forming a wide but shallow channel-like cicatrix; vertex with 2 smaller carinae, much lower than the former. Antenna extended half of the elytron; antennal support depressed, exterior of antennifer produced sideway above gena; scape strongly punctate, ectoapical margin slightly produced; segment 5 feebly serrate; 6 - 11 strongly serrate externally; segment 11 with a dens on the outer margin. Prothorax broader than long; basal and apical end constricted; disc and side concave, densely punctate. Scutellum triangular, rounded apically; relatively small. Elytron languiform, humerus exerted; protuberance near basal suture; disc strongly concave; basal half vertical, apical half declivent towards apex; epipleuron distinct, ending with a apical spine. Legs slender; mid and hind femora compressed laterally; hind femur distinctly extended beyond elytron.

Measurement : Length 17.5 mm; breadth 6.0 mm

Distribution : Central Loas (Phou Khan Kboay, Ban Van Heua, Pakkading), Peninsular Malaysia, Sarawak.

Known habitat : Lowland forest (Tung, 1983); clearing and burned forest (Gressitt & Rondon, 1970).

Host : both larvae and adults are known to be true foliage feeder.

Note : This species is similar to E. albocinctum except that its apical half of antennal segemnts are reddish-brown; exterior of antennifer produced laterally; the carinae on the vertex is much lower than those between antennal insertion and longer hind femora that distinctly extend beyond elytra.

Material examined : 9 specimens in For. Dept. Coll.: [FN 81-0314] Dalat, Oya/Mukah, Sibu Div., 8.VII.1981, Mercer, Yeo & Lippa; [FN 81-0317] Sg. Narub, Oya, Dalat, Sibu Div., 8.VII.1981, Mercer & Yeo; [FN 81-0341] Sg. Buloh, Dalat, Sibu Div., 10.VII.1981, Mercer, Yeo & Lippa; [FN 81-0310] Sg. Narub, Oya, Dalat, Sibu Div., 8.VII.1981, Mercer, Yeo & Lippa; [FN 81-0316] Sg. Narub, Oya, Dalat, Sibu Div., 8.VII.1981, Mercer, Yeo & Lippa; [FN 81-0177] Balingian F. R., Sibu Div., 8.V.1981, Mercer, Yeo & Lippa; [FN 81-0178] Balingian F. R., Sibu Div., 8.V.1981, Mercer, Yeo & Lippa; [FN 81-0311] Oya/Mukah, Dalat, Sibu Div., 8.VII.1981, Mercer, Yeo & Lippa; [FN 81-0315] Oya/Mukah, Dalat, Sibu Div., 8.VII.1981, Mercer, Yeo & Lippa.

Euryarthrum albocinctum BLANCHARD

Body short and broad : head, antenna and prothorax dull black; pronotum with whitish-yellow dimidiate basal annular, interrupted on the disc; scutellum pallide-flavens; elytron dull black with a dislocated whitish-yellow band in the middle, band wider on disc and the much narrower portion slanting posteriorly elytral margin; pleuron and sternum black with slivery white pubescenes; posterolateral of mesosternum, posterior end of episternum of metathorax, metasternum and the first abdominal segment with white stripe of densely congregated white pubescences; legs black, dense tawny pubescences beneath apical end of fore tibia.

Head exerted, narrower than the prothorax; mandible sagittate, prominent and strong, coarsely punctate; gena long, 1/2 as deep as the upper eye lobe, irregularly punctate; clypeus punctulate with two little off median cresentic furrows facing each other; frons with 2 carinae between antennal insertion, groove between these carinae and antennal sclerite sparsely filled with many unciform bristles; vertex with 2 interocular carinae just anterior of the hind boarder of upper lobe, 2/3 as long as the preceded pair; neck feebly punctate. Antenna short, not exceeding elytral band; eleven segments, segment 1 - 5 filiform, 6 - 11 strongly serrate ectoapically; scape subcylindrical, heavily punctate, (hind margin sometimes projecting); 3 subequal to scape, moderately punctate; 5 slightly clavate; 6 - 11 covered with minute tawny pubescence; 11 minutely emarginate at middle of external margin. Prothorax transverse; apical constriction narrower than at base; convex at sides; disc coarse and densely punctate; side with median node, feebly wrinkled and sparsely punctate. Elytron 4 X as long as broad, evenly punctate; 2/3 from basal end parallel and gradually incurvate apically; humerus exerted; disc concave, producing an elevated ridge starting from the humeri that weakened as it narrow apically; side vertical on basal half and declivent on apical half, epipleuron distinct and somewhat thickened; apex with apical spine formed by the epipleuron. Undersurface finely punctate and pubescence; first abdominal segment broad, longer than the remainder united. Legs with slightly compressed fore and mid femora, hind femur very slender; fore tibia with dense minute pubescence beneath the apex; hind femur not or barely extended beyond elytron; first hind tarsal segment much longer than 2 + 3 united.

Measurement : Length 9.0 - 11.0 mm (); 13.0 - 18.6 mm ()
Breadth 4.5 - 5.0 mm (); 4.0 - 5.8 mm ()

Distribution : Singapore, Sarawak

Known habitat : log loading wharf 

Material examined : 8 in SM Coll.: Kuching, Kuching Div., 6.IV.1898; Kuching, Kuching Div., 28.IV.1900; Kuching, Kuching Div., 6.IX.1904; Matang road, Kuching Div., 8.VI.1915; Matang road, Kuching Div., 10.VI.1915; Matang road, Kuching Div., 16.XII.1915; Matang road, Kuching Div., 8.VI.1915; Matang road (210 ft), Kuching Div., date unknown; 12 in SM Coll.: Kuching, Kuching Div., 2.V.1900; Matang road, Kuching Div., 6.VII.1915; Kuching, Kuching Div., 28.IV.1900; Matang road, Kuching Div., 17.XI.1915; Matang road, Kuching Div., 1.VI.1915; Matang road, Kuching Div., 11.VI.1910; Matang road, Kuching Div., 24.XI.1915; Matang road, Kuching Div., 4.I.1910; Kuching, Kuching Div., 30.V.1900; Matang road, Kuching Div., 22.XI.1915; Matang road, Kuching Div., 16.XI.1915; Matang road, Kuching Div., 21.VIII.1910; 7 specimens in For. Dept. Coll., sex unknown: [FN 80-1202], Hoe Hiung loading wharf, Pusa, Sri Aman Div., 29.VII.1980, Mercer & Suhaili; [FN 80-1467] Simunjan Kanan, Samarahan Div., 24.V.1979, Mercer & Yeo; [FN 80-1070] Sri Aman, 18.VII.1980, Mercer & Suhaili; [FN 79-0494] Sg. Dekalang, Lupar S. M., Sri Aman Div., 18.VII.1980, Mercer & Yeo; [FN 80-1592] Sg. Jitak, Simunjan Kanan, Samarahan Div., 30.IX.1980, Mercer, Lippa & Rahman; [FN 80-0249] Sg. Bilat, Baram, Miri Div., 28.III.1980, Mercer & Suhaili; [FN 80-1115] Sri Aman, 22.VII.1980, Mercer & Suhaili.

Euryarthrum alaconvexus sp. nov.

Head tapering in front, exserted; mandible hardly curved at apex, oblongly aciculate; clypeus and frons planate, puncture with 2 deep foveae side of middle; not raised between antennae, concave with weakly tuberculate inner antennifer margin; median groove on vertex and between antennal support terminate anteriorly just before frontal foveae and posterior margin of upper eye lobe. Antenna shorter than body, at most extended to 2/3 of elytra; scape subasperate, latero-dorsal carinate; 3 & 4 cylindrical, filiform, glabrous to sparsely punctulate; segment 5 reaching base of prothorax; 6 - 10 compressed, clavate, produced externally, ectoapically angulate; 11 acutely notched at 1/3 from apex. Prothorax a little broader than long; narrowly constricted at base; gradually narrow towards apex; pronotum concave, dilated and elevated above elytral plane; disc finely granulo-punctate; side rounded . Scutellum impubis. Elytron 4 X as long as broad; disc planate along 4/5 of sutural half, outer marginal half deflexed near base and gradually declivent between transverse fascia and apex; submedian ridge separating declivity obscure; transverse fascia a little in front of middle, interrupted at declivity and end with a spot near epipleura; epipleura distinctive, broad; apex gradually rounded with a sutural spine and epipleural cusp; disc granulo-punctulate near base, punctate-striate at apical half. Undersurfaces : fore intercoxal process tuberculate, tubercle pointed; prosternum acutely inclinate in front, vertical posteriorly. Abdomen : first segment transverse, as long as 2+3+4 united. Legs : fore and mid femora fusiform; hind femora sublinear; mid tibiae incurved; hind tibiae linear at 2/3 from base, 1/3 apical acutely widen.

Holotype (SM Coll.) Baram, Miri Division., date unknown. Length 15.0 mm; breadth 5.0 mm.

Topotype (SM Coll.) Baram, Miri Division., date unknown. Length 14.0 mm; breadth 4.5 mm.

Note : differ from albocinctum Blanchard in having a sutural spine as well as an epipleural cusp; scutellum black; transverse elytral band a little in front of middle and interrupted near declivity; submedian ridge on elytron obscure and disc more concave; intercoxal process tuberculate and mid tibia curved.

Euryarthrum lambii PASCOE

Head gradually narrower from neck; terminal segment of maxillary palpi dilated at apex, caespitose; mandible deeply acuductate; acutely convex between antennal support, not grooved medianly; antennifer tuberculate; vertex and neck coarsely but shallowly punctate. Antenna a little longer than body, second last segment reaching elytral apex in , as long as body in ; scape short, slightly over posterior eye margin, not reaching apex of prothorax; 4 beyond base of prothorax in , reaching it in ; segment 6 of 1/3 peduncle and 2/3 clavate; segment 6 obliquely clavate in ; 7 - 10 peduncle laterally, angulate ectoapically in both sexes. Prothorax  and elytron as in bifasciatum except that elytral disc convex, flat area less prominent. Abdomen : posterior margin of each segment from 1 - 4 with white transverse band in ; similar bands interrupted, only at side of segment 2 - 4 in . Legs : fore and mid femora fusiform; hind femora sublinear, wide at apex, 1/3 of apex extended beyond elytral apex, punctures on femora inconspicuous.

Measurement : Length 17.0 mm (); 20.0 mm ()
Breadth 5.0 mm (); 6.0 mm ()

Distribution : Sarawak; Peninsular Malaysia (Penang).

Material examined : 1 Matang, Kuching Div., VI.1900 (SM Coll.); 1 Kuching, Kuching Div., 1921 (SM Coll.).

Note : another form very similar to the above except that the last four antennal segment reddish brown instead five. Material examined : 4 Matang 93600 ft), Kuching Div., VI.1900 (SM Coll.); Matang (3600 ft), Kuching Div., VI, 1900 (SM Coll.); Matang, Kuching Div., VI.1900 (SM Coll.); Matang (3600 ft), IV.1902 (SM Coll.); 2 Kuching, Kuching Div., 16.V.1900 (SM Coll.); Matang road, Kuching Div., 27.III.1916 (SM Coll.). Measurement: length 18.0 - 20.0 mm (); 16.0 - 21.0 mm (); breadth 5.0 - 6.0 mm (); 4.5 - 6.5 mm ()

Euryarthrum inaequalis sp. nov.

Head subvertical in front; mandible sagittate, hardly curved at apex; labrum. half as long as broad; aclypeus corneous; frons punctate with a suboval raised  area; gena long; upper genal margin dented and excised below antennifer; antennal support feebly raised, grooved between; inner margin of antennifer feebly tuberculate at posterior; vertex with 2 carinae side of median groove, not exceeding posterior margin of eye lobe; eye large, moderately emarginate at latero-dorsal; lower lobe gradually narrow towards ventral and angulate, extended little beyond lower genal margin; gula short, coarsely granulo-punctate; ventral of neck with 4 - 5 glabrous plication; neck weakly granulate. Antenna shorter than body, at most extended to 2/3 of elytra; segment 1 - 4 slender; 5 - 11 complanate, clavate; scape cylindrical, roughen, latero-dorsal carinate; 3 shorter than scape; 4 half as long as 3; 5 subequal to 4, dentate ectoapically; 2/3 of apical side of segment.6 produced externally and angulate, leaving a short peduncle-liked base; 7 - 10 strongly produced laterally, roundly dentate ectoapically; 11 subapically dentate. Prothorax as long as broad; apex much narrower than base; the latter slightly narrower than elytra; base constricted; side rounded, umarmed; pronotum convex, somewhat expanded, coarsely and closely punctate; intercoxal process acutely inclinate in front, abruptly vertical at posterior and tuberculate, tubercle pointed but blunt at apex. Scutellum triangular, impubis. Elytron short, broad, 4 X as long as broad; 2 transverse band dividing it into 3 unequal portions; basal band in front of middle, interrupted at marginal deflextion and ended with a spot near epipleura; apical band 1/5 from apex, entire; disc coarsely punctate; flat on sutural half, feebly elevated around scutellum; submedian ridge visible; outer margin abruptly deflexed between base and basal transverse band, obliquely inclinate between the two transverse bands; subplanate between apical band and apex; parallel, gradually rounded behind apical band with a sharp sutural spine, epipleura wide, conspicuous, all the way along margin, bispinous at apex. Undersurfaces : intercoxal process of mesothorax vertical in front; posterior end sinuate, bicarinate; metasternum finely punctulate; entire episternum of metathorax sunken, acutely indented in front along suture with metasternum and epimeron of mesothorax. Abdomen : first abdominal segment short transverse, as long as 2+3+4 united. Legs : fore coxae not raised, globular; hind coxae separated, deep concavity in between; first abdominal sternite not touching metathorax; fore and mid femora fusiform , evenly punctate; hind femora 2 X as long as first pair, sublinear, gradually widen towards apex; mid tibiae short, acutely curved; hind tibiae strongly compressed, straight.

: terminal segment of maxillary palpi caespitose; submentum and base of maxilla acutely concave; dentation below antennifer less distinctive; antennal segment 6 with entire lateral edge produced, not pedunculate at base; only posterior margin of first abdominal segment with transverse band of dense lacteous pubescence, as long as remainder segments united.

Holotype (SM Coll.), Matang (3600 ft), Kuching Division., VI. 1900. Length 12.0 mm; breadth 5.0 mm.

Allotype (SM Coll.), Santubong, Kuching Division., V.1898. Length 14.0 mm; breadth 6.0 mm

Note : differ from bifasciatum (Pascoe) in having second transverse elytral band nearer to the apex; more angulate ventral boarder of lower eye lobe; epipleura of elytra bispinose and a sharp sutural spine; posterior end of mid intercoxal process bicarinate; dentation on epimeron of mesothorax and episternum of metathorax very conspicuous; less pilose metasternum and concavity between hind coxae.

Euryarthrum bifasciatum (PASCOE)

Entire head, eyes, entire antennae except segment 5 - 11 (last 6 segments) clothed with minute castaneous tomentose, entire prothorax except a narrow transverse band of whitish pubescence at basal margin, scutellum and elytra black, mat; 2 transverse band of lacteous pubescence on each elytron; undersurfaces black; episternum. of mesothorax, centre pf metasternum. with white pilosity; posterior margin of metathorax and each abdominal boardered by lacteous pubescence; legs pitchy.

Head with gena prolonged; mandible triangular, outer edge ridged; labrum and clypeus well-defined; frons with 2 shallow crescentric sulci side of median; gena concave under antennifer; feebly raised between antennal insertion, concave, medianly groove; vertex flat, striate; neck transversely granulo-striate. Antenna shorter than body, reaching apical transverse elytral band in ; scape transverse, asperate, latero-dorsal carinate; 3 longest, impunctate; 4+5 shorter than 3; 6 - 10 complanate, strongly produced externally, outer edge of each segment oblique; ectoapical cusp of 6 & 7 rounded; 8 - 10 angulate; terminal segment dentate laterally at 1/3 from apex. Prothorax constricted at apex and base, constriction not groove; side rounded; slightly narrower than elytra; widest at base, gradually and oblique towards apex; disc coarsely and closely punctate; intercoxal process finely granulate, posterior end tuberculate, tubercle obstuse. Elytron 4 X as long as broad; disc not depressed above, entirely punctate, punctures so closely set, bigger than the width of reticulation, finer and punctulate at apex; flat area linguiform, side of it declivent; elytral bands divided it into 3 equal portions; apex subtransversely rounded; epipleural cusp moderate; sutural spine obscure. Legs : femora and tibiae punctulate; fore and mid tibiae acutely incurved, more distinctive in the middle pair with its apex produced into a robust apical spine.

Measurement : Length 16.0 - 20.0 mm (); breadth 4.5 - 5.0 mm ()

Distribution : Sarawak

Material examined : 2 Quop, Samarahan Div., 11.IV.1914 (SM Coll.); Baram, Miri Div., date unknown, C. Hose (SM Coll.)

Euryarthrum brevibifasciatum sp. nov.

Head feebly raised between antennal insertion, concave; mandible gradually bent at apex; labrum, clypeus and frons at same plane; planate, hardly roughten, weakly punctate; vertex flat, with a shallow median groove, puncto-granulate; neck finely granulo-striate. Antenna as long as body; 1 - 3 basal segment slender, long, closely punctate; 4 - 5 wider at apex; 6 - 11 strongly complanate, clavate and produced externally, angulate ectoapically; 4 reaching base of prothorax; 5 not dentate. Prothorax as wide as elytra; apex same width as base; side concave, widest at 1/3 from base; disc coarsely punctate. Elytron 3.7 X as long as broad; 2 non-interrupted transverse fascia divide elytron into 3 equal portions; basal band half as wide as apical one; disc concave, deflexed acutely between base and first elytral fascia; submedian ridge absent; apex rounded without sutural spine; epipleura distinctive but not spine or dentate at apex. Undersurfaces : intercoxal process of prothorax not tuberculate, gradually inclinate; prosternum granulate, mesosternum and episternum of metathorax granulate. Abdomen : first segment as long as 2+3+4 united. Legs : fore and mid tibiae feebly incurved; mid and fore femora fusiform; first hind tarsal segment as long as remainder united.

Holotype (SM Coll.) Matang (3600 ft), Kuching Division., VI.1909. Length 11.5 mm; breadth 4.0mm.

Topotype (SM Coll.) Matang (3600 ft), Kuching Division., 2.VIII.1909. Length 11.0 mm; breadth 3.5 mm.

Note : differ from bifasciatum (Pascoe) in being smaller in size; elytra fascia different sizes with the basal one half as wide as tha one nearer to apex; fore and mid tibiae not or feebly curved, the latter not strongly spine; elytral apex not spined and fore intercoxal process not tuberculate.