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APPENDICES
APPENDIX
I
Abbreviations of names of systematic institutions and
other collections. Those marked with an asterisk cited in Leviton et al.
(1985).
Academischen
Groningen, Germany (AG)
American
Museum of Natural History, New York, U.S.A. (AMNH*)
Australian
National Museum, Sydney, Australia (AMS*)
Academy
of Natural Sciences at Philadelphia, Philadelphia, U.S.A. (ANSP*)
Natural
History Museum, London, U.K. (BMNH*)
California
Academy of Science, San Francisco, U.S.A. (CAS*)
Carnegie
Museum of Natural History, Pittsburgh, U.S.A. (CM*)
Field
Museum of Natural History, Chicago, U.S.A. (FMNH*); formerly CNHM (Chicago
Natural History Museum)
Institut
Royal des Sciences Naturales de Belgique, Brussels, Belgium (IRSNB*)
University
of Kansas, Museum of Zoology, Lawrence, U.S.A. (KU*)
Kyoto
University, Department of Zoology Museum (KUZ*)
Museum
of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, U.S.A. (MCZ*)
Musée
National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France (MNHN*)
Muséum
d’Histoire Naturelle de Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (MHNG*)
Magyar
Nemzeti Muzeum, Budapest, Hungary (MNH*)
Museo
Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, Genova, Italy (MSNG*)
Staatliches
Museum für Tierkunde, Dresden, Germany (MTKD*)
Museum
Zoologicum Bogoriensis, Bogor, Indonesia, at present in Cibinong, Indonesia (MZB*)
Museum
of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley, U.S.A. (MVZ*)
Naturhistorisches
Museum Basel, Switzerland (NMBA*)
Naturhistoirisches
Museum, Vienna, Austria (NMW*)
Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet, Stockholm, Sweden (NHRM*)
Osaka
Museum of Natural History, Osaka, Japan (OMNH*)
Oxford
University Museum, Oxford, U.K. (OUM*)
Robert
B. Stuebing collection from Kalimantan (RBS, at present accessioned with MZB)
Nationaal
Natuurhistorisch Museum, Leiden (formerly Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke
Histoire, Leiden), the Netherlands (RMNH*)
Sabah
Park Zoological Museum, Mount Kinabalu National Park Headquarters, Sabah,
Malaysia (SP)
Sarawak
Museum, Kuching, Malaysia (SM*)
Natur-Museum
und Forschungs-institut Senckenberg, Frankfurt/Main, Germany (SMF*)
Staatliches
Museum für Naturkunde, Stuttgart, Germany (SMNS*)
Sabah
State Museum, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia (SSM)
Florida
Museum of Natural History, Gainesville, U.S.A. (UF*)
Museum
of Zoology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Sabah Campus, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah,
Malaysia (UKMS; see below)
Borneensis
Collection, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia (UMS,
which also houses the erstwhile UKMS collection)
Museum
of Zoology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, U.S.A. (UMMZ*)
Raffles
Museum of Biodiversity Research, National University of Singapore, Singapore (ZRC.
The abbreviation used in Leviton et al., 1985, is USDZ*)
National
Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., U.S.A. (USNM*)
Zoologisk Institut, Stockholms Universitet, Stockholm, Sweden (ZIUS*)
Zoological
Museum, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (ZMA*)
Zoologisches
Museum Humboldt-Universität, Berlin, Germany (ZMB*)
Zoologisches Institut und Museum, Universität
Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany (ZMH)
Zoologisches
Forchunginstitut und Museum Alexander Koenig, Bonn, Germany (ZMK*)
Zoological
Museum, Københavns Universitet, Copenhagen, Denmark (ZMUC*)
Zoologiska Museet, Uppsala Universitet, Uppsala, Sweden (ZMUU*)
Universität
Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (ZMUZ*)
Zoological
Survey of India, National Zoological Collection, Calcutta, India (ZSI*)
Zoologische Staatssammlung, München, Germany (ZSM*)
APPENDIX
II
Geographic
and Toponymic Terms in local languages
Bandar.-
city
Banjaran.-
range
Batang.-
main river
Bukit.-
hill, <1,000 m
Bulu.-
far or remote, in connection with rivers and streams
Datarang
Tinggi.-
large plateau
Gunung.-
hill, >1,000 m
Kampong/Kampung.-
village
Kerangas.-
Bornean heath forest
Kuala.-
mouth of river
Loagan.-
lake or lagoon
Long.-
village/mouth of stream
Lubok-
deep pool along a river or a stream
Nanga.-
river
Pangkalan.-
landing place
Pasir.-
sand
Pulau.-
island
Selat.-
strait
Sungei.-
river
Tanjong/tanjung.-
cape
Telok.-
bay
Ulu.-
interior
Vai/Wai.-
creek
APPENDIX
III
Glossary
of technical terms used
acrodont: tooth fused to outer surface of bone or summit of jaws.
affinity: relationship.
adult: sexually mature individual.
anatomy: internal morphology, such as that revealed by dissection.
anterior: nearer the front (towards the head).
arboreal: species that live in trees or other vegetation.
aquatic: species that live in water.
biogeography: study of geographic distribution of organisms.
canopy: layer of vegetation above ground, usually comprising tree
branches and epiphytes.
circumtropical: encircling the earth, between 23º 30' N and 23º 30' S.
clutch: the total number of eggs laid by a female at a time.
clutch size: number of eggs in a nest.
cotype: see syntype.
courtship: behaviour preceding mating.
crepuscular: active during dawn and dusk.
depressed: flattened from top to bottom.
dermal: pertaining to the skin.
diagnosis: formal statement of characters that distinguish a taxon from
its close relatives.
dimorphic: the existence of two different forms (e.g., male and female)
in the same species.
distal: away from the head or body.
diurnal: active during the day.
dorsum: (as used here) the dorsal surface of the body, excluding head
and tail.
endemic: restricted to a particular region.
femoral pores: pores present on the femoral region of some geckos.
fossorial: species that live underground.
holotype: a single specimen designated or indicated as the type by the
original author at the time of first description of the taxa.
infralabial: scales on the lower lip.
keel: a narrow prominent ridge.
lamella (pl. lamellae): pads under digits in lizards (also scansor).
lectotype: one example from the original series of syntypes that was
subsequently selected to serve as the type.
litter: (as in leaf litter), the detritus of fallen leaves, branches and
bark that accumulate on the forest floor.
midbody: scales around the middle of the body.
neotype: specimen selected as type subsequent to original description
when the original types are destroyed or suppressed by the International
Commission of Zoological Nomenclature.
nocturnal: active during the night.
paratype: specimen other than the holotype that was used by the original
describer and was thus designated.
Pleistocene refugia: favorable (here, warm) areas where species survived
periods of glaciation.
pleurodont: tooth attached to one side of inner surface of jaw elements.
preanal pores: pores situated in front of the cloaca in geckos.
prefrontals: paired scales on the anterior margin of the orbit of the
eye, usually bounded by the frontal.
recurved: curved or bent.
reticulate: arranged like a net.
riparian: related to edges of streams and rivers.
scansor: the pads under digits in geckos (also lamella).
scute: a horny epidermal shield.
serrated: possessing a saw-toothed edge.
subcaudal: the scales below the tail.
supralabial: scales on the upper lip.
synonym: a chronological list of scientific names, together with their
authors and dates of publication, that are associated with a taxa.
tubercle: a knot-like projection.
tympanum: ear-drum.
type: zoological object that serves as the basis for the name of a taxon.
type locality: locality at which the types were collected.
vermiculation: a pattern consisting of vague, worm-like markings.
ventral: scales under the body, from the throat to the vent.
ventrum: (as used here) the ventral surface of the body, excluding head
and tail.
vertebral: pertaining to the region of the backbone.
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